Synthesis of perfectly alternating carbon monoxide/olefin polyketones using a sulfonated diphosphine catalyst system

Perfectly alternating carbon monoxide/olefin polyketones are very interesting polymers. In this research the synthesis of PK-EP (ethylene-propylene/carbon monoxide polyketone) and PK-P (propylene/carbon monoxide polyketone) were studied. These polyketones are very interesting for many reasons: a) PK-EP and PK-P represent a type of polymers with very interesting engineering plastic properties, b) PK-EP and PK-P have unique chemical and physical properties, e.g. excellent mechanical properties, photodegradability, biodegradability and chemical resistance and c) new materials can be derived from PK-EP and PK-P by functionalizing the carbonyl groups.

The objective of this research was the development of an efficient and recyclable catalyst system for the copolymerization of carbon monoxide and olefins. To achieve this goal the synthesis of these polyketones was studied in more detail using a number of palladium/diphosphine catalyst systems.

By studying the reaction profile of the experiments a new phenomenon, so far not observed in PK-EP synthesis, was found. At a certain stage during the reaction the catalyst activity started to recover to reach approximately its initial activity.
Another interesting aspect of the research was that the addition of certain salts to the polyketone reaction system had the capability of increasing the performance of the used catalyst system. The results showed that the addition of salts like Na2CO3, Li2SO4, FeSO4 and Na2SO4 to the reaction system, have the capacity of increasing the catalyst activity by 50%. The results showed that this salt enhancement effect is mainly induced by the anion of the salt.

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