Iron and light limitation of carbohydrate production by phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean

The Southern Ocean is a net sink of carbon dioxide (CO2), nowadays considered as the major greenhouse gas. This apparent sink function is remarkable because the Southern Ocean is a major upwelling area where deep waters with high CO2 content are brought to the surface. However, these deep waters are also high in essential major nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) supporting fixation of CO2 by phytoplankton. ...

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