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Predictability of clinical wear by laboratory wear methods for the evaluation of dental restorative materials

(2010) Heintze, Siegward Dietmar

Restorative materials such as composite resins that are incorporated in the patient`s mouth are subjected to deterioration and wear from the first day of use and may compromise the function of the restored teeth by time. As wear measurements in-vivo are complicated and time-consuming, different wear simulation devices and methods have been developed. Wear simulation devices are meant to simulate processes that occur in the mouth during mastication, namely force, force profile, contact time, sliding movement, clearance of worn material, etc. With regard to chewing simulators, force, speed of movement and frequency are decisive factors that have to be controlled. The test equipment is qualified if it operates within acceptable and reproducible limits and tolerances. A round robin test that evaluated the wear of ten dental materials with five wear simulation methods showed that the results were not comparable; all methods follow different testing concepts. When correlating material properties to the wear results of 24 composite resins subjected to a reliable wear simulation method, some physical parameters could be identified and incorporated into a wear formula to predict wear for this method. The wear method should not only efficiently generate reproducible data but these data should also correlate with clinical wear rates. A huge database on clinical wear of different composite resins and amalgam was used to compare wear with six laboratory methods. Only one method showed an acceptable correlation with clinical situation. The clinical wear data showed that to date no composite resin is as wear resistant as amalgam.

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