Open-book tests assessed : quality, learning behaviour, test time and perfomance

When designing educational programmes that support student learning, it is important that the learning objectives, curriculum and assessment are aligned. Assessment, in particular, drives students’ learning behaviours and, consequently, influences study success. This thesis focuses on an assessment format that seems to suit current learning objectives and the problem-based learning (PBL) approach –
the open-book test.
In Chapter 1, two important trends that influence (medical) curricula are discussed: 1) the body of knowledge that is growing and changing faster than ever; and 2) the increasing need to concentrate education on competences. The most
frequently used closed-book tests are appropriate to assess core knowledge, which is defined as knowledge students are required to know by heart. Open-book tests, however, seem to be more suitable for assessing students’ ability to manage a large amount of knowledge that is in line with learning goals formulated in terms of competences. Previous research on and expectations of open-book tests are discussed in this chapter. Obviously, more information is needed to improve and optimize the use of open-book tests in medical programmes.
In general, open-book tests are implemented to represent the professional setting and encourage deeper learning. In Chapter 2, the use of open-book tests is discussed as a means to handle the growing body of knowledge. Therefore, the body of knowledge as a whole is divided into core knowledge, which students must know by heart without the need for referral, and backup knowledge, which students
need to understand and use properly with the help of references, if so desired. As a result, all tests of the Bachelor of Medicine programme of the University Medical Center Groningen comprise two subtests, a closed and an open-book test. The closed-book subtest assesses the recall and understanding of core knowledge, and the open-book subtest assesses the ability to understand and manage backup knowledge.

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